devotional mind

Reclaiming One's Heart: How Christology Lost Its Devotional Core

“Create in me a clean heart, O God; and renew a right spirit within me.” — Psalm 51:10

This cry, manifesting in the poetic layers of the psalmist’s soul, is the revelation of the Bible’s underlying philosophy. At its core, the Hebrew Scriptures call for inward transformation through a sincere acquaintance with its words: “Acquaint now thyself with him, and be at peace... lay up his words in thine heart” (Job 22:21–22). Knowledge, to the Bible’s mind, is not propositional or metaphysical. It is personal, reflective, and intimate: “...through knowledge shall the just be delivered” (Proverbs 11:9).

But what became of this simple, yet meaningful devotional experience, in early Christianity?

Paul and the Early Shift Toward Metaphysics

According to Marshall (1967), Paul's writings represent a critical theological shift. While Paul's letters include moral exhortations and personal struggles, his Christology primarily conceptualizes the Jesus character as a supramundane figure (p. 78), a being of divine essence who stands in metaphysical proximity to his God. In Galatians 4:4, Paul refers to his Christ as being sent from God, implying a preexistent, divine being rather than a prophetic teacher rooted in human history.

Marshall shows that by the time Paul writes, within only two decades of the Jesus character’s supposed crucifixion, a Hellenistic ontology begins to dominate, even an abstract framework emphasizing this figure’s divinity in cosmic, rather than existential, terms (pp. 86–88). This early Christian turn was not accidental; it was fueled by contact with Greek ideas of the “divine man” and Gnostic notions of a descending redeemer. Jesus was no longer merely to be thought of a real and living man, one who taught his hearers to be clean-minded before God, but a metaphysical solution to “sin”— a celestial ransom.

From Jesus’ Simplicity to Council Complexity

Zachhuber (2021) highlights how this metaphysical focus deepened as Christianity moved into the fourth and fifth centuries. The Church councils, particularly Chalcedon (451 CE), did not just define who the Jesus character was—they codified him into philosophical categories derived from Greek metaphysics, such as physis, ousia, and hypostasis (Zachhuber, 2021, pp. 209–211).

As Zachhuber (2021) laments, Christology became so scholastic and technical that it lost the organic vitality of earlier Jewish spirituality. What once was a moral and relational appeal for a “renewed spirit” became a debate over whether “Jesus” had one nature or two, or whether his hypostasis aligned with divine or human substance. The devotional conversation had been colonized by the conceptual tools of Stoicism and Middle Platonism, not by the philosophy within the Psalms or the Proverbs.

Hellenistic Philosophy and the Loss of Hebrew Intimacy

The shift wasn't merely theological; it was philosophical. Zachhuber (2021) notes how later theologians like Gregory of Nyssa or Cyril of Alexandria absorbed and restructured Christian thought to mirror Platonic and Neoplatonic metaphysics (pp. 212–214). In doing so, the Jesus character was no longer primarily a teacher of the inward way but became the cosmic Logos—the rational principle of the universe.

This is a far cry from the personal yearning of the Hebrew Bible, where true knowledge is internalized in the heart and mind. As Psalm 51 indicates, devotion was never about metaphysical comprehension, but ethical devotional sincerity and inner transformation.

The False Images: Paul's Cosmic Christ and the Gospel Jesus

Both Marshall and Zachhuber help us see that the Christ of Paul—and even the progressively mythologized Jesus of the Gospels—represent a theological departure. As the church absorbed Greek categories, it replaced the Hebrew notion of “acquaintance with God” with allegiance to a doctrinal system.

Jesus becomes functionally divine in Paul’s letters, but that functionality is tied to sacrificial substitution rather than the transformation of character. In the Gospels, Jesus is slowly mythologized as a miracle-working demigod, drawing from Hellenistic Jewish and pagan traditions. The result: the devotional emphasis on the heart and spirit gives way to belief in personhood and doctrine.

Marshall (1967) warns us not to overlook this subtle but powerful transition. He writes, “It would be most curious if the early church had proceeded to use this title [Son of God] in a purely functional manner,” and yet this is precisely what occurred in both Pauline and post-Pauline theology (Marshall, 1967, p. 84).

The Way Back: Knowledge That Delivers

The Bible’s spirituality, as Proverbs teaches, rests on the deliverance brought through knowledge, not metaphysical speculation, but knowing in the Hebrew sense: encountering, internalizing, and embodying. “Acquaint now thyself with Him…” (Job 22:21) is not a call to creeds, but to presence.

Christian theology has spent centuries drifting from this central point. Zachhuber is keenly aware of this when he observes that the technical debates of the fourth century often "exact a real loss of religious meaning as the price for doctrinal sophistication" (Zachhuber, 2021, p. 216). The church may have constructed cathedrals of logic, but it did so on the ruins of Hebrew philosophical devotion.

To reclaim one’s clean heart, the devotional conversation must step away from the illusion of Christological precision and return to the raw, honest prayer of the psalmist’s soul. Not a metaphysical Jesus, nor a politicized Gospel Jesus—but a conversation with the living God, the one whose words renews and delivers.

Let the Heart Speak Again

Christians must reckon with the fact that what has been handed down to them (in their religious theory) is a compromised inheritance—one shaped more by Plato and Philo than by Moses and the Prophets. Paul's Jesus, and also the Gospel Jesus, have been so layered with foreign philosophy that one’s original devotional experience and conscience has been obscured.

But the Psalms still call. The Proverbs still promise deliverance through knowledge. Nothing has changed. And Job still reminds us that peace comes not through theology, but through acquaintance with the Bible’s words. The time has come to let our devotional heart speak again—unmediated, unencumbered, and undistracted by the philosophical scaffolding of a church that forgot how to pray, learn, and reflect.

References

Marshall, I. H. (1967). The Development of Christology in the Early Church. Tyndale Bulletin18(1), 77-93.

Zachhuber, J. (2021). Christology in the fourth century: a response.

Devotional Wellbeing: A Bible-Based Path to Fulfillment

Due to the present condition that the religious world is in, maintaining devotional wellbeing has never been more vital. But what exactly is devotional wellbeing? It’s the philosophical alignment of one’s devotional mind, body, and conscience with a sense of spiritual purpose, anchored in the wisdom of the Bible. This alignment goes beyond a simple balance; it’s an invitation to fully and meaningfully know one’s devotional experience, nurturing a deeper relationship with the Bible and with oneself. Through the Bible, we find not only ancient and relevant truths, but also a roadmap for achieving true fulfillment and clarity. Proverbs 23:19 offers timeless advice: “Guide thine heart in the way,” which reminds us of our personal role in directing our devotional life toward contentment and understanding.

Here, we’ll explore how the Bible guides us toward an experience of wellbeing that integrates the devotional mind, body, and conscience, helping us to gain insight into who we are.

The Foundations of Devotional Health

Devotional health encompasses our belief’s mind, body, and conscience, each one reflecting a unique yet interconnected aspect of our being. When in harmony, they create a sense of contentment and purpose that elevates both our personal and devotional life. According to the Bible, maintaining these elements of living experience allows us to approach life with a clarity and fortitude rooted in understanding.

The Bible presents a framework for nurturing each of these components. Proverbs 2:1-11 reveals that understanding and wisdom will guide our hearts to make right choices. By immersing ourselves in this wisdom, we come to see the Bible as a living guide, offering strength and clarity for our journey of life.

Cultivating a Healthy Devotional Mind

The mind is where thoughts, beliefs, and perceptions shape our experience and behavior. Achieving mental clarity and devotional awareness can free us from judgment, opening up to us a path to empathy. 1 Corinthians 10:29 asks, “Why is my liberty judged of another man’s conscience?”—a reminder to cultivate our minds free from external judgment.

One way to nurture a healthy devotional mind is through meditative Bible reading. Proverbs 4:7 teaches, “Wisdom is the principal thing; therefore get wisdom: and with all thy getting, get understanding.” This calls us to seek wisdom actively, not passively. Similarly, Genesis 24:63 shows Isaac in meditation, modeling the importance of setting aside time for reflecting on the impact of the Bible’s counsel.

A still mind allows us to dwell on thoughts that develop character and virtue, as Philippians 4:8 encourages us: “Whatsoever things are true, whatsoever things are honest, whatsoever things are just…think on these things.” By aligning our thoughts with these positive values, we open ourselves to a mindset encouraging joy, purpose, and spiritual growth.

Nurturing the Devotional Body with Philosophical Wisdom

Devotional health isn’t just a mental or spiritual pursuit; it is also about caring for the devotional body, the vessel through which we experience spirituality. The Bible’s wisdom serves as philosophical nourishment, encouraging us to make mindful choices that enhance our conversation’s wellbeing. Job 28:28 advises, “Behold, the fear of the Lord, that is wisdom; and to depart from evil is understanding.” By valuing this wisdom, we’re more likely to make choices that are good for our mental and spiritual health. This is why Proverbs 19:2 reminds us, “Also, that the soul be without knowledge, it is not good…” Practical devotional wisdom, when applied, strengthens our overall wellbeing, guiding us toward healthy, wholesome living.

Growth Through through Practical Devotion

The spirit of our devotional conversation’s character needs a discipline or a belief that will cultivate personal resilience and inner strength. Do not assume this discipline or belief. Let the Bible give this discipline or belief to you. Consistently, and when necessary, reflect on the Bible’s words to nourish your devotional character. Doing so allows the devotional conversation to possess a character that is unique to it. Galatians 5:22-23 speaks to the fruits of a good devotional character: “Love, joy, peace, forbearance, kindness, goodness, faithfulness.” These virtues guide our growth, allowing us to claim resilience even in challenging times.

Integrating Devotional Discipline into Daily Life

Practical devotional discipline is essential for bringing the wisdom of the Bible into our everyday routines. Creating a daily or preferably a weekly plan that includes time for meditation, reading, and reflection, ensures consistency in our path toward holistic wellbeing.

Starting small is key. Simple habits—like a few minutes of reflective reading once or twice a week, or taking a mindful walk—allow us to center ourselves. Consistency and patience are crucial. Over time, these small acts transform into a lifestyle of devotional wellbeing, guiding us to a more fulfilled and purposeful life.

Achieving devotional health

Achieving devotional health isn’t a destination; it’s a continuous journey that brings us closer to our truest self, both personal and devotional. The Bible, with its necessary wisdom, offers guidance for this journey, counseling us how to align our devotional mind, body, and conscience in harmony with its underlying purpose.

By embracing this mindful approach to devotional wellbeing, we not only enrich our lives but also unlock the transformative power of what it means to be personally well. Devotional health is a discipline and joy—a commitment to live each day with purpose, guided by the wisdom within the Bible. Start your wholehearted journey today, and allow the Bible to guide you on the path toward complete wellbeing and devotional fulfillment.